Past Perfect

S + had + V3 + O

The Past perfect is used to indicate :

• An action that happend before another action in the past, There usually are two actions in the sentence

. John had gone to the store before he went home
. John told us yesterday, that he had visited england in 1970
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S + had + V3 + before + S + V2

. John went home after he had gone to the store
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S + V2 + after + S + had + V3

. Before John went home, he had gone to the store

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Before + S + V2 + S + had + V3

. After John had gone to the store, he went home.

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After + S + had + V3 + S + V2

• A state which continued for a tim in the past, but stopped before now.

. Abdul had live in new york for ten year before he moved to california
Past Perfect Progresive (continous) for category 2 of past perfect only, we can use the past perfect continous

. Abdul had been living in New York for ten years before he moved to california

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S + had + been + Ving + ...

Excercise

1. The policemen read the suspect his right after he had arrested (arrest) him
2. After John had wash (wash) his clothes. he began to study.
3. George had waited (wait) for one hour before the bus come
4. Maria entered (enter) the university after she had graduated from the community college
5. Jeanette washed (wash) the pipettes after she had completed the experiment
6. Jane sent a letter to her university after she has received (receive) he scholarship check
7. After the stewardesses had served lunch to the passengers, they the sat (sit) down
8. The car had flipped (flip) the time before it landed on its roof
9. we corrected our papers after we had taken (take) the quit
10. John had lived (live) in miami for one year when his parents come to visit